sanitary napkins structure

Despite their seemingly slim profile, sanitary napkins feature a sophisticated multi-layered structure designed to ensure an optimal user experience. A standard pad consists of seven distinct layers, each serving a specific function—collectively balancing comfort, leak protection, and hygiene. The top layer makes direct contact with the skin and comes in two main types: soft non-woven fabric and perforated PE film. Both significantly enhance comfort, with non-woven fabric offering superior skin-friendliness. The wrapping layer of sanitary napkins consist of upper and lower sections—primarily made of carrier tissue and airlaid paper—which secure the absorbent core's polymer materials and prevent shifting. While standard tissue paper tends to disintegrate or clump when wet, air-laid paper offers greater stability, making it a preferred material for high-quality pads. The core absorbent layer utilizes materials such as super-absorbent polymers (SAP) and fluff pulp to rapidly absorb menstrual flow and lock in fluid; the choice of raw materials significantly impacts absorption speed and resistance to back-flow. The sanitary pads backsheet layer is a leak-proof PE film—available in breathable or non-breathable varieties—that acts as a barrier against leakage, while hot-melt adhesive on the exterior secures the pad to the underwear. Release paper protects the adhesive on the bottom layer, preventing it from detaching and ensuring a secure fit. The outermost wrapper is made of materials like PE film or non-woven fabric, which shield the pad from dust and bacteria, maintain sterility, and facilitate convenient portability. Though small, the sanitary pad boasts an intricate structure that addresses everything from skin-friendly comfort and leak-proof fluid retention to dust and bacterial protection. Compared to traditional menstrual products, it has vastly improved women's quality of life during menstruation, representing a highly significant invention for public well-being.